Rest and motion

Defination of  rest with example:

Rest in the context of physics refers to the absence of motion or change in the position of an object or system. When an object is stationary, it remains stationary relative to its surroundings and does not undergo a change in position over time.

Here are some examples that illustrate the concept of relaxation:

Stationary car: A car parked in a parking lot is an example of a stationary object. It remains motionless and does not change position unless an external force acts on it.

Fixed book on the table: Consider a book lying on a table. As long as no external force is exerted on the book, it will remain stationary. It does not move or change its position relative to the table or its surroundings.

Stagnant Water: When a vessel fills with water and is not moved, the water settles and stands still. It shows no significant motion or flow unless an external force is introduced, such as wind or the application of energy.

Stationary Pendulum: A pendulum that is at its lowest point and not swinging is stationary. It remains motionless until it receives a push or an initial force to set it in motion.

Statues or sculptures: Sculptures or statues, such as those displayed in museums or public parks, are examples of objects at rest. They are designed to be stationary and occupy a fixed position.

It is important to note that the notion of rest is relative and depends on the frame of reference. An object stationary in one frame of reference may appear to be moving when viewed from another frame of reference in relative motion.

Defination of motion with example:

Motion in the context of physics refers to the change in an object's position over time relative to a reference point. When an object is in motion, it undergoes changes in its position, orientation, or both.

Here are some examples that illustrate the concept of motion:

Moving Car: A car moving on a road is an example of a moving object. It changes its position as it moves forward or backward relative to a fixed reference point, such as a landmark or another vehicle.

Rolling Ball: Imagine a ball rolling down a ramp. The position of the ball is constantly changing as it moves down the ramp. Its movement can be observed by tracking its change in position over time.

Swinging pendulum: A pendulum swinging back and forth is an example of periodic motion. The pendulum weight moves in an arc, changing position as it swings back and forth.

Orbiting Planets: The planets in our solar system, like the Earth, revolve around the sun. This orbital motion involves the continued motion of the planet around the sun in a predictable path. A planet's position changes over time as it completes its orbit.

Flying Birds: Birds soaring in the air show movement. They can move in different directions, change height and speed, and move through the air.

Falling Objects: When an object falls from a height, it falls under the influence of gravity. An object's position changes as it accelerates downward, increasing its velocity over time.

Running Water: Rivers, streams and waterfalls are examples of running water. Water is constantly changing position and moving along a certain path under the influence of gravity and other forces.

These examples emphasize different forms of motion, including linear motion, rotational motion, periodic motion, and fluid motion. Motion is a fundamental concept in physics and the study of the behavior of moving objects is fundamental to understanding the various phenomena of the physical world.

Rest and motion explanation:

Rest: An object is said to be stationary if it does not change position relative to its surroundings over time.

Motion: An object is said to be in motion when its position changes relative to its surroundings and time.
                                                                                                                           

Simply put, the object changing position would be in motion, while the opposite action would cause the object to be stationary. However, perspective plays a major role in this. Let's take an atom as an example, which is always in motion, but when we see an object in the macrocosm, it seems to us to be still. Both rest and movement are therefore mainly dependent on the frame of reference of the observer.

Frame of reference:

Suppose an object is placed on a table; we can say that the object is stationary. If a person is on the moon, he will notice that the earth is constantly changing position, as well as the table and the object. Therefore, to find the location of something, you need to determine its frame of reference. For example, if we take the Earth as a reference point, then the object is stationary, and if we take the Moon as a reference point, then the object moves. A reference frame can be inertial or non-inertial, depending on whether it is stationary or continuously moving.

REST AND MOVEMENT ARE RELATIVE:

A body can be stationary and moving at the same time. A body can move relative to one set of objects and be stationary relative to another set of objects. So rest and movement are relative. Take a look at the following examples to understand this.

Examples of relativity at rest and in motion:

Suppose you are lying in bed. You are at rest from all other objects in the bedroom. But the room (or house) is on the ground, and the ground itself is not still. The earth revolves around the sun. It takes a year to make one revolution around the sun, so together with the earth you also revolve around the sun. That is why you are in motion in relation to the sun.

Next, consider a boy sitting on a park bench watching a bus go by. The bus drives in front of the boy, but the trees in the park seem to stand still. But to a boy sitting on a bus, the trees and the boy outside seem to be moving in the opposite direction, and the roof of the bus or the bus driver seems to be stationary.
If two trains are traveling at the same speed and in the same direction on two parallel tracks, both trains will appear to be stationary to passengers on them.

Conclusion:

We thus conclude that the body, which is in motion relative to one set of objects, can be simultaneously stationary relative to another set of objects (moving at the same speed and in the same direction). It is the observer and the environment that decide whether a particular object is stationary or in motion.